Zoologix performs primate infectious disease tests by PCR for...

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African green monkey endogenous virus

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B virus

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Gibbon ape leukemia

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Reovirus screen

Rhesus rhadinovirus

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Salmonella

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Simian agent 6 (SA6)

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Simian hemorrhagic fever (SHFV)

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Tritrichomonas

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Ureaplasma

Valley fever

West Nile virus (WNV)

Yaws

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Yersinia pestis

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Zika virus

* * *

Genetic tests for...

A/B/AB blood type in macaques

Cynomolgus genotyping

Fetal sexing

Mamu-6 in macaques

Mamu-7 in macaques

CYP2C76 c.449TG>A
in macaques

Mu opioid receptor
in macaques

smCCR5Δ24
in sooty mangabeys

...and more - contact Zoologix with your genetic testing requirements


Neisseria meningitidis PCR test for primates
primate assay data sheet

Neisseria meningitidis

Test code:
B0014
- Ultrasensitive qualitative detection of Neisseria meningitidis by real time polymerase chain reaction.

 

Neisseria meningitidis is the etiologic agent of meningococcal meningitis. It is a non-spore forming, gram-negative, nonmotile, diplococcal bacterium. These bacteria are aerobic and have fastidious growth requirements, with optimal growth in warm, moist environments. Five N. meningitidis serotypes cause most associated disease worldwide: serotypes circulating in the US are likely to be B, C, or Y, while serotypes A and W-135 are found outside the US.

The natural habitat of N. meningitidis is the human nasopharyngeal tract. Five to fifteen percent of the human population carries the bacteria in its nonpathogenic form. Infection can occur via respiratory droplets, but normally requires close and prolonged exposure, or direct contact with saliva and respiratory secretions. Ill patients or asymptomatic carriers can transmit the organism.

Meningitis is a common symptom of the resultant infection, characterized by fever, severe headache and stiff neck. Patients with meningococcal sepsis may develop high fever, hypotension (low blood pressure), and profound weakness. In either case, patients may develop a characteristic rash including petechiae (pinpoint red spots that do not blanch with pressure) or purpura (purple areas similar to bruises), that are both caused by bleeding into the skin. Purpura fulminans, a hemorrhagic condition causing tissue necrosis and small vessel thrombosis, can result in scarring or limb amputations. Approximately 10-14% of cases of meningococcal disease are fatal. About 11-19% of patients who recover from the infection may develop permanent hearing loss, mental retardation, loss of limbs or other severe sequelae.

No known animal reservoir exists for N. meningitidis; however, experimental infection of nonhuman primates, mice, guinea pigs and rats has been reported.

Culture detection of N. meningitidis has low sensitivity because the organism has fastidious growth requirements. Molecular detection by PCR can detect N. meningitidis with high sensitivity and specificity (Sacchi et al., 2011).

Utilities:

  • Help confirm the disease causing agent
  • Shorten the time required to confirm a clinical diagnosis of Neisseria meningitidis infection.
  • Help ensure that colonies are free of N. meningitidis
  • Early prevention of spread of N. meningitidis
  • Minimize personnel exposure to N. meningitidis
  • Safety monitoring of biological products

References:
Sacchi, C.T., Fukasawa, L.O., Gonçalves, M.G., Salgado, M.M., Shutt, K.A., Carvalhanas, T.R., Ribeiro, A.F., Kemp, B., Gorla, M.C., Albernaz, R.K., Marques, E.G,, Cruciano, A., Waldman, E.A., Brandileone, M.C., Harrison, L.H,. São Paulo RT-PCR Surveillance Project Team. (2011) Incorporation of real-time PCR into routine public health surveillance of culture negative bacterial meningitis in São Paulo, Brazil. PLoS One. 6:e20675.

Specimen requirements: Nasal swab, or throat swab, or 0.2 ml whole blood in EDTA (purple top) tube; or 0.2 ml CSF, or aspirate from skin lesions, or cell culture.

Contact Zoologix if advice is needed to determine an appropriate specimen type for a specific diagnostic application. For specimen types not listed here, please contact Zoologix to confirm specimen acceptability and shipping instructions.

For all specimen types, if there will be a delay in shipping, or during very warm weather, refrigerate specimens until shipped and ship with a cold pack unless more stringent shipping requirements are specified. Frozen specimens should be shipped so as to remain frozen in transit. See shipping instructions for more information.

Turnaround time: 2 business days

Methodology: Qualitative real time PCR

Normal range: Nondetected

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