Zoologix performs primate infectious disease tests by PCR for...

Adenoviruses

African green monkey endogenous virus

Aspergillus

B virus

Babesia

Baboon endogenous virus

Baylisascaris procyonis

Borrelia burgdorferi

Burkholderia

Campylobacter

Chagas' disease

Chikungunya virus

Chlamydia pneumoniae

Chlamydophila trachomatis

Clostridium

Coccidioides

Cronobacter sakazakii

Cryptosporidium

Cynomolgus polyomavirus

Cytomegalovirus, baboon

Cytomegalovirus, chimpanzee

Cytomegalovirus, human

Cytomegalovirus, macaque

Cytomegalovirus, simian

Dengue

E. coli O157:H7

E. coli panel

Encephalitis, Japanese

Encephalitis, St. Louis

Encephalomyocarditis (EMCV)

Entamoeba species

Enterovirus

Epstein-Barr virus

Giardia

Gibbon ape leukemia

Helicobacter

Hepatitis A virus

Hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis C virus

Herpes ateles

Herpes B virus

Herpes simplex type 1

Herpes simplex type 2

Herpes tamarinus

Herpesvirus ateles

Herpesvirus papio 1 & 2

Herpesvirus saimiri

Human adenoviruses

Human herpesviruses types 6, 7 & 8

Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 & 2

Human T cell lymphotropic virus

Human Varicella-Zoster

Influenza type A

Klebsiella

Lawsonia intracellularis

Leishmania

Leptospira

Lyme disease

Lymphocryptovirus

Malaria

Measles

Monkeypox

Mycobacteria

Mycoplasma

Neisseria gonorhoeae

Neisseria meningitidis

Papillomavirus

Parvoviruses

Plasmodium species

Reovirus screen

Rhesus rhadinovirus

Rotavirus

Salmonella

Shigella and enteroinvasive E. coli

Simian agent 6 (SA6)

Simian agent 8 (SA8)

Simian foamy virus (SFV)

Simian hemorrhagic fever (SHFV)

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)

Simian parainfluenza virus

Simian retrovirus (SRV)

Simian sarcoma virus

Simian T-cell leukemia (STLV) types 1 & 2

Simian T-cell leukemia (STLV) type 3

Simian Varicella-Zoster

Squirrel monkey retrovirus

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Streptococcus pyogenes

SV40

SV5

Syphilis

Tetanus

Toxoplasma gondii

Treponema

Trichomonas/
Tritrichomonas

Trypanosoma cruzi

Tuberculosis

Ureaplasma

Valley fever

West Nile virus (WNV)

Yaws

Yellow fever

Yersinia pestis

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Zika virus

* * *

Genetic tests for...

A/B/AB blood type in macaques

Cynomolgus genotyping

Fetal sexing

Mamu-6 in macaques

Mamu-7 in macaques

CYP2C76 c.449TG>A
in macaques

Mu opioid receptor
in macaques

smCCR5Δ24
in sooty mangabeys

...and more - contact Zoologix with your genetic testing requirements


Herpes simplex 2 PCR test for primates
primate assay data sheet

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)

Test code:
S0030 - Ultrasensitive qualitative detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) by real time polymerase chain reaction

 

Herpesviruses have been isolated from a wide variety of mammalian and non-mammalian species. The eight human herpesviruses, herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and -2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human cytomegalovirus (CMV), and human herpesviruses-6, -7 and -8 (HHV-6, -7 and -8), represent a significant public health problem worldwide. These viruses have been further classified as members of the alpha-herpesvirus (HSV-1, HSV-2 and VZV), the beta-herpesvirus (CMV, HHV-6 and HHV-7) and the gamma-herpesvirus subgroups (EBV and HHV-8). The virus-host relationship is characterized by the benign nature of HSV infection in its usual host, man, and by the fatal disease it causes in accidental hosts, such as the owl monkey or gibbon. Fatal infections caused by HSV have been documented in gibbons, patas and colobus monkeys. A natural epizootic model of Herpesvirus hominis is splenectomized gibbons, which clinically mimic the disease as it occurs in man.

A recent serological study to screen for these herpesviruses in gibbons using antibodies for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) had shown that the prevalence of IgG antibodies against HSV-1, HSV-2, EBV and CMV was 28.2%, 28.2%, 14.1% and 17.9%, respectively. Although cross-reactivities with other monkey herpesviruses cannot be ruled out, the possibility of direct transmission of these human herpesviruses exists. For example, hand rearing of gibbon infants by zoo personnel would provide ample opportunity for human herpesvirus transmission to gibbons. Moreover, the exclusive HSV serotypes within species suggests that these viral infections may have originated from a common source within a species, with subsequent spread from animal to animal, rather than from isolated human-to-gibbon transmissions. Accordingly, HSV-2 infections have been observed to spread from chimpanzee to chimpanzee.

Although virus isolation can be used to diagnose HSV-2 virus infection and determine carrier status, it is not very sensitive or specific, and viral culture increases the potential risk of laboratorians contacting this virus. Serological testing for HSV-2 is difficult because of the close antigenic relation among different herpesviruses.

HSV-2 detection by PCR is the most rapid, sensitive and specific method for diagnosis of this infection and confirmation of carrier status.

Utilities:

  • Help confirm the disease causing agent
  • Help ensure that animal colonies are free of HSV-2
  • Early prevention of spread of this virus among a colony
  • Minimize personnel exposure to this virus
  • Safety monitoring of biological products and vaccines that derive from primates

Specimen requirement: Lesion swab, or conjunctival swab, or 0.2 ml whole blood in EDTA (purple top) tube.

Contact Zoologix if advice is needed to determine an appropriate specimen type for a specific diagnostic application. For specimen types not listed here, please contact Zoologix to confirm specimen acceptability and shipping instructions.

For all specimen types, if there will be a delay in shipping, or during very warm weather, refrigerate specimens until shipped and ship with a cold pack unless more stringent shipping requirements are specified. Frozen specimens should be shipped so as to remain frozen in transit. See shipping instructions for more information.

Turnaround time: 2 business days

Methodologies: Qualitative real time PCR

Normal range: Nondetected

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