Zoologix performs primate infectious disease tests by PCR for...

Adenoviruses

African green monkey endogenous virus

Aspergillus

B virus

Babesia

Baboon endogenous virus

Baylisascaris procyonis

Borrelia burgdorferi

Burkholderia

Campylobacter

Chagas' disease

Chikungunya virus

Chlamydia pneumoniae

Chlamydophila trachomatis

Clostridium

Coccidioides

Cronobacter sakazakii

Cryptosporidium

Cynomolgus polyomavirus

Cytomegalovirus, baboon

Cytomegalovirus, chimpanzee

Cytomegalovirus, human

Cytomegalovirus, macaque

Cytomegalovirus, simian

Dengue

E. coli O157:H7

E. coli panel

Encephalitis, Japanese

Encephalitis, St. Louis

Encephalomyocarditis (EMCV)

Entamoeba species

Enterovirus

Epstein-Barr virus

Giardia

Gibbon ape leukemia

Helicobacter

Hepatitis A virus

Hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis C virus

Herpes ateles

Herpes B virus

Herpes simplex type 1

Herpes simplex type 2

Herpes tamarinus

Herpesvirus ateles

Herpesvirus papio 1 & 2

Herpesvirus saimiri

Human adenoviruses

Human herpesviruses types 6, 7 & 8

Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 & 2

Human T cell lymphotropic virus

Human Varicella-Zoster

Influenza type A

Klebsiella

Lawsonia intracellularis

Leishmania

Leptospira

Lyme disease

Lymphocryptovirus

Malaria

Measles

Monkeypox

Mycobacteria

Mycoplasma

Neisseria gonorhoeae

Neisseria meningitidis

Papillomavirus

Parvoviruses

Plasmodium species

Reovirus screen

Rhesus rhadinovirus

Rotavirus

Salmonella

Shigella and enteroinvasive E. coli

Simian agent 6 (SA6)

Simian agent 8 (SA8)

Simian foamy virus (SFV)

Simian hemorrhagic fever (SHFV)

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)

Simian parainfluenza virus

Simian retrovirus (SRV)

Simian sarcoma virus

Simian T-cell leukemia (STLV) types 1 & 2

Simian T-cell leukemia (STLV) type 3

Simian Varicella-Zoster

Squirrel monkey retrovirus

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Streptococcus pyogenes

SV40

SV5

Syphilis

Tetanus

Toxoplasma gondii

Treponema

Trichomonas/
Tritrichomonas

Trypanosoma cruzi

Tuberculosis

Ureaplasma

Valley fever

West Nile virus (WNV)

Yaws

Yellow fever

Yersinia pestis

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Zika virus

* * *

Genetic tests for...

A/B/AB blood type in macaques

Cynomolgus genotyping

Fetal sexing

Mamu-6 in macaques

Mamu-7 in macaques

CYP2C76 c.449TG>A
in macaques

Mu opioid receptor
in macaques

smCCR5Δ24
in sooty mangabeys

...and more - contact Zoologix with your genetic testing requirements


Hepatitis C PCR test for primates
primate assay data sheet

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) by PCR

Test code: S0045 -
Ultrasensitive qualitative detection of hepatitis C virus by reverse transcription coupled real time polymerase chain reaction

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is member of the Flaviviridae family and is the major causative agent of parenterally transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis worldwide. Genetic analysis of this virus led to the discovery of six major genetic groups (genotypes 1-6) and multiple minor genetic groups (subtypes 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, etc.). To date, chimpanzees represent the only appropriate animal model for studying HCV infection, as they are easily infected with human hepatitis C virus and develop acute or chronic hepatitis (Farci and Purcell, 1993; Schlauder et al., 1991). HCV infection in other wild or captive non-human primates is still controversial and the possibility of such infection cannot be ruled out (Korzaya et al., 2002; Peli et al., 2002).

Diagnostic tests currently available either detect direct antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) or HCV RNA. Anti-HCV indicates prior exposure to HCV but does not distinguish between cleared and active infection. An additional immunoassay such as RIBA may confirm the status of infection, but such immunoassays have a high indeterminate rate. Detection of HCV RNA by reverse transcription PCR offers a more rapid, sensitive and specific method for diagnosis of active HCV infection.

Utilities:

  • Help confirm the disease causing agent
  • Help ensure that animal colonies are free of Hepatitis C
  • Early prevention of spread of this virus among a colony
  • Minimize personnel exposure to this virus
  • Safety monitoring of biological products and vaccines that derive from primates

References:
Farci, P. and Purcell, R.H. (1993) Hepatitis C virus: natural history and experimental models. In: Zuckerman AJ, Thomas HC, eds. Viral hepatitis: scientific basis and clinical management. Edinburg, UK: Churchill Livingstone, 241-267.
Korzaya, L.I., Lapin, B.A., Keburiya, V.V. and Chikobava, M.G. (2002) Spontaneous infection of lower primates with hepatitis C virus. Bull Exp Biol Med. 133:178-181.
Peli, A., Scagliarini, A., Cinotti, S. and Martinelli, G.N. (2002) Seropositivity to HCV in Macaca fascicularis. New Microbiol. 25:231-234.
Schlauder, G.G., Leverenz, G.J., Amann, C.W., Lesniewski, R.R. and Peterson, D.A. (1991) Detection of the hepatitis C virus genome in acute and chronic experimental infection in chimpanzees. J Clin Microbiol 29: 2175-2179.

Specimen requirement: 0.2 ml whole blood in EDTA (purple top) tube, or 0.2 ml plasma or serum, or 0.2 ml fresh or frozen liver tissue.

Contact Zoologix if advice is needed to determine an appropriate specimen type for a specific diagnostic application. For specimen types not listed here, please contact Zoologix to confirm specimen acceptability and shipping instructions.

For all specimen types, if there will be a delay in shipping, or during very warm weather, refrigerate specimens until shipped and ship with a cold pack unless more stringent shipping requirements are specified. Frozen specimens should be shipped so as to remain frozen in transit. See shipping instructions for more information.

Turnaround time: 2 business days

Methodology: Qualitative reverse transcription coupled real time PCR

Normal range: Nondetected

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