rodent and rabbit assay data sheet
Shigella
and enteroinvasive
E. coli
B0008
-
Qualitative
detection of Shigella
and enteroinvasive E. coli
bacteria, by polymerase chain reaction. Assay
detects but does not differentiate
S. boydii, S. dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. sonnei, and
enteroinvasive E. coli
strains including EIEC 41, EIEC 42, EIEC 120 and
EIEC 121.
B0008 is included in
P0038 rabbit fecal PCR panel and
P0041
- waterborne pathogens screening panel
B0054
-
Ultrasensitive
qualitative detection of
Shigella bacteria only, by real time polymerase
chain reaction. This assay detects but does not differentiate
most Shigella
strains; it does not detect
E. coli.
B0055
- Quantitative assay for
Shigella bacteria by real time polymerase chain reaction.
This assay detects and quantifies
Shigella DNA present
in a sample as a percentage of the total DNA present in the
sample. The assay does not differentiate
Shigella strains and
does not detect E. coli.
Shigella
bacteria are gram negative, non-spore forming bacilli.
S. flexneri (types
2, 4, 6), S. sonnei, and S.
dysenteriae are the most common organisms causing
problems in primates. Humans are considered their main
reservoir.
Shigella-induced
dysentery is often mistaken as EIEC (enteroinvasive
E. coli). Five
recognized classes of enterovirulent
E. coli
(collectively referred to as the EEC group) cause
gastroenteritis in humans. Although
E. coli is
considered part of the normal intestinal flora of humans and
other primates, a minority of
E. coli strains are
capable of causing illness in human and primates by several
different mechanisms. Among these are the enteroinvasive (EIEC)
strains.
Both
Shigella and EIEC
are transmitted through the fecal-oral route, through
contaminated food or water or by direct contact, aerosol, or
mechanical vectors such as flies. The organisms are shed from
both clinically ill and asymptomatic humans and primates. Even
minimal contact is adequate for transmission.
Infection of
primates by these bacteria usually results in a subclinical
carrier state, but disease may then be induced by stress. Signs
include watery to bloody diarrhea, weakness, and edema of the
face and neck. Rectal prolapse is common. High mortality can
result from Shigellosis in primates. Recovered animals are often
carriers and can act as a reservoir of infection.
Fecal or
blood culture with selective media is sometimes used to identify
Shigella and enteroinvasive
E. coli. However, microbiological culture is slow and not
very sensitive. Molecular detection of these bacteria is highly
sensitive and specific, and is also highly tolerant of
suboptimal specimen shipping and handling conditions that would
invalidate other testing methods.
Utilities:
-
Help confirm the disease causing agent
-
Shorten the time required to confirm a clinical
diagnosis of Shigella
or EIEC infection.
-
Help ensure that rodent colonies are free of these bacteria
-
Early prevention of spread of these bacteria among a
colony
-
Minimize personnel exposure to these bacteria
-
Safety monitoring of biological products that derive
from rodents
Specimen requirements:
1 fecal pellet, or 0.2 ml bacterial culture.
Contact Zoologix if advice is needed to determine an appropriate specimen type for a specific diagnostic application. For specimen types not listed here, please contact Zoologix to confirm specimen acceptability and shipping instructions.
For all
specimen types, if there will be a delay in shipping, or during
very warm weather, refrigerate specimens until shipped and ship
with a cold pack unless more stringent shipping requirements are
specified. Frozen specimens should be shipped so as to remain
frozen in transit. See shipping
instructions for more information.
Turnaround time:
2 business days
Methodologies:
B0008 -
Qualitative PCR
B0054
- Qualitative real time PCR
B0055 -
Quantitative
real time PCR
Normal range:
Nondetected