wildlife and zoo assay data sheet
Canine circovirus (CaCV)
Test code:
S0234 - Ultrasensitive qualitative detection of canine circovirus (CaCV) by real time polymerase chain
reaction
There are 11 known species of circoviruses and they affect many
bird and mammal species. Canine circovirus (CaCV or DogCV) is a
member of Circoviridae family, genus Circovirus and was first
isolated in 2012. It is a small non-enveloped virus with a ~2 kb
length single-stranded DNA viral genome. Canine circovirus
infects domestic dogs and wild canids exclusively.
Dogs infected with this virus may develop hemorrhagic enteritis
that results in sudden onset of weakened appetite, vomiting, and
bloody diarrhea. Internally, infected dogs may develop
inflammation of the blood vessels and lymph node necrosis. The
virus can disseminate into various organs including intestines,
spleen, lungs, brain, liver, and lymph nodes.
Infected dogs have a high frequency of co-infection with other
viruses, such as canine distemper and canine parvovirus; thus,
clinical presentation when co-infection occurs may confuse the
correct diagnosis.
The mode of transmission of this virus is still unknown. Direct
contact with an infected dog, its vomit or feces, is believed to
increase the risk of infection. The use of shared bedding and
equipment, or human contact with an infected animal prior to
handling of an uninfected animal, may also cause transmission of
the virus between dogs.
Diagnosis of the viral infection usually relies on molecular
detection by PCR, which gives high sensitivity and specificity.
Utilities:
-
Help confirm the disease causing agent
-
Help ensure that animal groups and populations are free of
CaCV
-
Early prevention of spread of this virus among a
population
-
Minimize human exposure to this virus
-
Safety monitoring of biological products and vaccines
that derive from susceptible animals
References:
Niu, L., Wang, Z., Zhao, L., Wang, Y., Cui, X., Shi, Y., Chen,
H. and Ge, J. (2020) Detection and molecular characterization of
canine circovirus circulating in northeastern China during
2014-2016. Arch. Virol. 2020 165:137-143.
Specimen requirement:
0.2 ml whole blood in EDTA (purple top) tube, or 0.2 ml feces, or fecal swab,
or 0.2 ml fresh or frozen tissue, or 0.2 ml culture.
Contact Zoologix
if advice is needed to determine an appropriate specimen type
for a specific diagnostic application. For specimen
types not listed here, please contact Zoologix to confirm
specimen acceptability and shipping instructions.
For all
specimen types, if there will be a delay in shipping, or during
very warm weather, refrigerate specimens until shipped and ship
with a cold pack unless more stringent shipping requirements are
specified. Frozen specimens should be shipped so as to remain
frozen in transit. See shipping
instructions for more information.
Turnaround time:
2 business days
Methodology:
Qualitative real time PCR
Normal range:
Nondetected
